Solar panels allow us to use renewable and clean energy from the sun. They convert sunlight into electricity without emitting greenhouse gases. While they can withstand mild outside abuse, they may not withstand large hail and falling debris. And since there are many elements and objects that can destroy your solar panels, determining when to repair them is crucial. This article guides you on how to inspect your panels for damage.
What Causes Solar Panel Damage?
Since solar panels are placed or installed outside, they are susceptible to damage from the following:
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Falling Debris
Falling objects, tree branches, and other debris can cause damage to your solar panels. While most panels are made to withstand knocks from small debris, they are not immune to knocks from large ones. A falling tree branch can easily shatter the panel’s glass surface. Smaller debris such as sharp stones and objects can also cause damage to the solar panel.
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Age
Solar panels are built to withstand weather elements and outdoor abuse. However, they have a limit (lifespan). As you’d expect, they are made of many layers attached together using a strong adhesive.
With age, the adhesive weakens causing the layers to detach from each other. This can cause water to penetrate, leading to reduced efficiency. Debris can also build up between the layers, further reducing the panel’s efficiency. Likewise, debris and dust can scratch against the glass surface reducing the panel’s ability to capture sunlight.
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Hail
Hail storms can cause severe damage to your solar panels. Unfortunately, there’s little you can do to protect them from hail storms. They can shatter the glass surface or even cause holes if they are large and more compact.
This can significantly reduce the solar panel’s power output or render it unusable. To mitigate this, you can install several smaller panels rather than one or two larger units.
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Poor Installation
Poor installation can also cause damage to your solar panels. Insufficient mounting can cause the panels to become loose, detaching from the solar array. Loose connections and incorrect angling also increase the panels’ susceptibility to damage. Hiring a certified solar panel installer can help you overcome this hurdle.
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Corrosion and Rust
As you’d expect, prolonged exposure to moisture can lead to rust and corrosion. Most metal components of the panel will corrode and rust with age. This can cause the mount to fail or electrical connectors to detach. To mitigate this, use rust-resistant materials when installing your solar panels. You should also conduct routine maintenance and replace corroded components.
- Using Substandard Materials
Another leading cause of solar panel damage is the use of substandard materials. In a bid to reduce installation costs, homeowners result in using cheap and poor quality materials. Unfortunately, such materials are susceptible to corrosion, rust, and malfunctioning. This increases the solar panel’s risk of damage, reducing its lifespan.
How To Tell If Your Solar Panel Needs Repair?
So, how can you determine if your solar panel needs repair? Let’s find out.
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Decreased Power Generation
One of the most common indications your solar panel needs repair is reduced energy production. Ideally, your panel should produce ample energy to charge a power station within six to eight hours. If you, however, observe an increase in charging time, it might be an indication your solar panel is damaged and requires repairing or replacement.
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Physical Damage
Another common indicator your panel needs repair is physical damage. For this, you’ll need to inspect the solar panels. Here’s how to go about it.
How To Inspect Your Panel for Physical Damage
First, choose an appropriate day. If possible, choose a sunny and clear day to avoid slipping from the roof. Besides, direct sunlight provides optimal visibility. You can easily identify cracks or bends on the solar panel. Avoid inspecting on rainy or cloudy days as the moisture can obscure your view.
While on it, make sure to wear appropriate safety gear to avoid bodily injuries. Think of sturdy gloves and shoes. If you have installed rooftop panels, consider a sturdy ladder to prevent accidental falls. Also, wear protective glasses.
Before inspecting the panels, turn off the power to your solar system. This means disconnecting the solar panels from the charge controller or inverter depending on your solar system design. This prevents electrocution and damage to your solar system.
With the power turned off, gather the necessary inspection tools like a flashlight and soft cloth. You can also bring a camera to take pictures of any identified issues.
Begin by visually inspecting for damage such as chips and cracks. You should pay close attention to the edges of the solar panel, as they are more susceptible to damage. Once you find any damage, document it and have it repaired as soon as possible. This prevents further panel deterioration, bolstering its performance and lifespan.
Next, inspect the mounting system and ensure it is securely attached to your roof. Ensure there are no loose bolts or screws. If any, tighten them with a screwdriver. Loose mounting systems can cause the solar panel to move, which can cause damage to it or the roof.
Do not forget to check the panel’s wiring system. Look for loose wiring or exposed wires, which can cause the system to short circuit. Ensure all connections are secure.
One way to go about it is to use MC4 connectors. We recommend them as they are the industry standard. If you identify exposed wires, replace them with newer and insulated ones.
Finally, check the voltage output using a multimeter. The reading should be similar to that indicated by the solar panel manufacturer. If the reading is lower, it is an indication your solar panel is damaged.
By inspecting your solar panels for physical damage, you can ensure your system is operating efficiently. Documenting the findings can help a professional solar installer to troubleshoot the damage easily.
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Monitoring System Alerts
Modern solar panel systems come with built-in monitoring systems. They send alerts in case the solar panels malfunction or if there’s a faulty connection. Since they provide real-time, you can easily know if your panels need repairing or replacement.
How To Protect Your Solar Panels From Damage
So, you want to bolster your panel lifespan? Here are a few ways to go about it.
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Adjust the Panels Angle
While maximum energy collection should determine the angle of the solar panels, protection against weather elements, especially hail should also be a consideration. Ideally, you want to reduce the impact of the hail on your panel.
One way to go about it is to install an automated panel angle adjuster. It allows you to change the angle of the panels incase of a hail storm, reducing the impact significantly. If you have a portable solar panel, then you can easily move it to a shaded area.
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Seal All Components
Another way to reduce damage to your solar panels is to seal all components. As mentioned, the adhesive on the panel weakens with age. This creates spaces through which water can penetrate the interior of the solar panel.
The water can reduce the efficiency of the panel significantly. Sealing all components will prevent seepage into the electrical components.
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Use Protective Covers
You can protect your solar panel from damage by using a protective cover. A hard case protects your panel from damage against hail and falling debris. However, most covers do not let in ample sunlight, leading to reduced power collection. As such, ensure to remove them once the disaster rolls away.
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Use a Methacrylate Layer
An alternative to a protective cover is a methacrylate layer. It is cost-effective and allows your solar panels to collect ample solar power. You, however, need to determine how much is enough to avoid over spraying while offering much needed protection. Avoid spraying the methacrylate on metal parts as this can lead to corrosion.
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Inspect the Panels Regularly
You can also prevent extensive solar panel damage by inspecting them regularly. Small cracks can eventually lead to larger and unrepairable ones. Monitoring your solar array regularly can help you identify these small cracks and prevent extensive solar damage. Alternatively, you can have a professional solar installer inspect your solar panels regularly.
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Use Quality Material and Solar Panels
To avoid constant solar panel repairing and replacement, consider buying quality solar panels. Buy from reputable brands such as BLUETTI. For example, you can buy the BLUETTI PV120 Solar Panel | 120W. It is made of long-lasting EFTE coating that can withstand impact from hail and small falling debris. The surface is also splash-proof, meaning you can use it in rainy conditions.
Another option is the BLUETTI PV200 Solar Panel | 200W, which also comes with a quality and hard
surface that can withstand impact from debris. And if you want one with a higher power output you can buy the BLUETTI PV350 Solar Panel | 350W.
Final Thoughts: Should You Replace or Repair Your Solar Panels?
Well, if the damage is beyond repair, then you should replace your solar panels. Otherwise, you can always install new connectors, mounting systems, and replace exposed wires. And if you want to buy quality solar panels that can withstand outside abuse, consider buying from BLUETTI.
